Word Power Made Easy

Sessions 19-23: How to Talk About Actions

Let's master the 10 key verbs that describe human actions and intentions.

The 10 Key Verbs

In these sessions, we will learn 10 powerful verbs and the roots that give them meaning.

Disparage
(dih-SPAR-ij)

To belittle, discredit, or undervalue.
To say something is "less than equal."

The Root: PAR

DIS-
(against)
+
PAR
(equal)
Disparage

To rank something "against equality" (i.e., as inferior).

Parity
(PAR-ih-tee)

From `par`.
The state of being equal, especially in status, pay, or value.

Disparity
(dih-SPAR-ih-tee)

From `dis-` + `par`.
A great difference or inequality.

Compare
(kum-PAIR)

From `com-` (with) + `par`.
To check or measure something with something else to find similarities or differences.

Equivocate
(ee-KWIV-uh-kayt)

To use ambiguous or unclear language to avoid commitment or to mislead.
To "speak equally" on both sides.

The Roots: AEQUUS + VOX

AEQUUS
(equal)
+
VOX / VOCIS
(voice)
Equivocate

To give "equal voice" to both sides of an issue.

Equivocal
(ee-KWIV-uh-kul)

The adjective form. Open to more than one interpretation; ambiguous.
"His answer was equivocal."

Unequivocal
(un-ee-KWIV-uh-kul)

The opposite. Leaving no doubt; perfectly clear.
"She gave an unequivocal 'Yes'."

Equity
(EK-wih-tee)

From `aequus`.
The quality of being fair and impartial; fairness, equality.

Inequity
(in-EK-wih-tee)

Lack of fairness or justice; inequality.

Iniquity
(in-IK-wih-tee)

(Note the different root!) Immoral or grossly unfair behavior; wickedness.

Vocal
(VOH-kul)

From `vox`.
Relating to the voice.

Titillate
(TIT-ih-layt)

To excite, stimulate, or "tickle" pleasantly (often in a light or superficial way).

The Root: TITILLARE

TITILLARE
(Latin: "to tickle")
Titillate

To "tickle" one's senses or curiosity.

Adulate
(AJ-oo-layt)

To praise or flatter someone excessively; to fawn over.
(Like a dog "wagging its tail").

The Root: ADULATIO

ADULATIO
(Latin: "fawning")
Adulation

Excessive admiration or praise.

Proscribe
(pro-SKRYB)

To forbid, denounce, or condemn (especially by law).

The Root: SCRIBO

PRO-
(in front of)
+
SCRIBO
(to write)
Proscribe

In ancient Rome, to "write" a name in "front" of the public, outlawing them.

Subscribe
(sub-SKRYB)

From `sub-` (under) + `scribo` (to write).
To "write" one's name "under" a contract or agreement.

Inscribe
(in-SKRYB)

From `in-` (in) + `scribo` (to write).
To "write in" or engrave words on a surface.

Describe
(dih-SKRYB)

From `de-` (down) + `scribo` (to write).
To "write down" the details of something.

Obviate
(OB-vee-ayt)

To make unnecessary; to get in the way of a problem *before* it happens.

The Root: VIA

OB-
(against)
+
VIA
(way, road)
Obviate

To stand "against" a problem in its "way."

Trivial
(TRIV-ee-ul)

From `tri-` (three) + `via` (roads).
Unimportant; common. From the idea of a "three-way crossroads" where common gossip was shared.

Viaduct
(VY-uh-dukt)

From `via` + `ductus` (to lead).
A bridge for carrying a "way" (like a road or railway) across a valley.

Militate
(MIL-ih-tayt)

To work or fight against (used with "against").
"His poor attitude militates against his success."

The Root: MILES

MILES
(Latin: "soldier")
Militate

To act as a "soldier" against something.

Militant
(MIL-ih-tunt)

Aggressive and combative in support of a cause, like a "soldier."

Military
(MIL-ih-tair-ee)

Relating to soldiers or armed forces.

Militia
(mih-LISH-uh)

A non-professional army made of citizens who act as soldiers.

Malign
(muh-LYN)

To speak evil of; to slander.
To say "bad" things about someone.

The Root: MALUS

MALUS
(Latin: "bad, evil")
Malign

From `malignus` (evil-natured).

Malignant
(muh-LIG-nunt)

Full of "bad" intent; harmful, evil, or cancerous.
(Opposite of `benign`).

Malediction
(mal-eh-DIK-shun)
MALUS
(bad)
+
DICO
(to say)

A "bad saying"; a curse.
(Opposite of `benediction` - "good saying").

Malefactor
(MAL-eh-fak-tor)
MALUS
(bad)
+
FACIO
(to do)

A "bad doer"; a criminal or evildoer.
(Opposite of `benefactor` - "good doer").

Malaise
(mal-AYZ)

A general feeling of being unwell; literally, "bad ease."

Condone
(kun-DOHN)

To forgive, overlook, or implicitly pardon an offense.

The Root: DONARE

CON-
(with, together)
+
DONARE
(to give)
Condone

To "give" your approval (or at least overlook) an offense.

Donate
(DOH-nayt)

From `donare`.
To give money or goods to a cause.

Pardon
(PAR-dun)

From `per-` (completely) + `donare` (to give).
To forgive "completely"; to "give" forgiveness.

Placate
(PLAY-kayt)

To appease or pacify; to soothe someone's anger.

The Root: PLACO

PLACO
(Latin: "to please, to appease")
Placate

To "please" or "soothe" someone who is angry.

Placid
(PLAS-id)

From `placo`.
Calm and peaceful; "pleasing" in temperament.

Complacent
(kum-PLAY-sent)
COM-
(with)
+
PLACO
(to please)

"Pleased with" oneself; self-satisfied, often to the point of being unaware of danger.

Implacable
(im-PLAK-uh-bul)
IM-
(not)
+
PLACO
(to please)

"Not able to be pleased"; unable to be soothed or pacified.

Sessions 19-23 Review

You've learned 10 key verbs and their roots:

Quiz Time: True or False

Let's test your understanding with questions from the book.

Based on what you've learned, are these statements True or False?

Quiz: True or False (1-10)

1. Verbs are essential for conveying actions and ideas.

2. To 'adulate' means to criticize someone.

3. 'Understanding roots and prefixes' has no impact on enriching vocabulary.

4. To 'disparage' someone is to belittle them.

5. 'Equivocate' means to use ambiguous language to avoid a clear stance.

6. To 'proscribe' something means to recommend it.

7. 'Parity' means equality.

8. 'Malaise' is a vague feeling of illness.

9. 'Placid' means angry or turbulent.

10. 'Militant' behavior is aggressive, like a soldier.

Quiz: True or False (11-15)

11. 'Trivial' means something is very important.

12. To 'malign' someone is to slander them.

13. 'Unequivocal' means clear and unambiguous.

14. 'Condone' means to condemn or punish.

15. An 'implacable' person is one who cannot be soothed.

Quiz: Crossword

Let's test your new vocabulary with a crossword puzzle.

Fill in the grid based on the clues provided.

Sessions 19-23 Crossword

1
2
1
3
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

ACROSS

  • 1. To forgive or overlook (7)
  • 2. Calm, "pleasing" (6)
  • 3. To forbid (9)
  • 4. To soothe or appease (7)
  • 5. Root for "bad" or "evil" (5)
  • 6. To slander or speak evil of (6)
  • 7. To make unnecessary (7)
  • 8. Equality; fairness (6)

DOWN

  • 1. Root for "equal" (6)
  • 2. Root for "soldier" (5)
  • 3. To belittle or "lower in equality" (9)
  • 4. To flatter excessively (7)
  • 5. To use ambiguous, "equal" language (10)
  • 6. Root for "way" (3)
  • 8. To "tickle" or stimulate (9)

Congratulations!

You have completed the presentation for Sessions 19-23.

Next Up: Sessions 24-27
How to Talk About Various Speech Habits

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